Battle of Porrassalmi

Battle of Porrassalmi
Part of the Gustav III's Russian War
Date 13 June 1789 Location Porrassalmi, Finland Result Swedish Victory
Belligerents
Russia	Sweden
Commanders and leaders
General Georg Magnus Sprengtporten	Jakob Karl Gripenberg
Strength
6,000-8,000 men[1]	750[2]-5,000 men[1]
Casualties and losses
425 killed and wounded[1]	53 killed 150 wounded

The battle of Porrassalmi was a battle fought near the bight of Porrassalmi in Savonia on 13 June 1789, during the Russo-Swedish War (1788–90). A Swedish force of about 750^[2]-5,000^[1] Finnish men succeeded in stopping the northbound advance of a Russian force numbering 6,000-7,000^[2] or 8,000.^[1]

The Swedish forces blocked the road to Mikkeli at a narrow watercrossing with a bridge near the bight of Porrassalmi. There they faced Russian infantrymen led by Georg Magnus Sprengtporten, a Swedish officer who had entered the Russian service and received the command of the Russian army corps directed against Finland. Sprengtporten persuaded the Russians that Finnish troops were disloyal to the Swedish Crown and not going to fight, but his column was met with gunfire.^[1] Only infantry units participated in the fighting.^[1] The Russians were moving in a too-close formation^[3] and, despite numerous charges against the outnumbered Swedes, could not break through the defence and pulled back, covered by mounted Cossacks and Bashkirs.^[1] The Russians lost 425 men killed and wounded, including their commander, General Georg Magnus Sprengtporten, who was seriously wounded.^[1] The Swedes lost in total 203 men dead or wounded. The battle brought to prominence Major Georg Carl von Döbeln, whose iconic black silk bandanna was worn over a wound suffered in the battle. Sprengtporten claimed that his defeat was due to a lack of cooperation between his officers and that the decision to leave the battlefield was unsound and taken without his consideration. He personally led a charge that succeeded in capturing a Swedish battery.^[4] Russian staff officer Ivan Sazonov, who also participated in the fighting, was said to have publicly praised the enemy's valour after the battle, although adding that it was only the enemy's advantageous defensive position that determined the outcome of the battle.^[4]

References

1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Шкваров А. Г. Россия - Швеция. История военных конфликтов. 1142-1809. СПб.: Алетейя. 2012. С. 458-459
2. 1 2 3 "Porrassalmi 1789". Svenska Slagfält. Wahlström & Widstrand. 2005. pp. 382–387. 
3. ↑ Бородкин М. М. История Финляндии. Время Екатерины II и Павла I. СПб., 1912. С. 268
4. 1 2 Бородкин М. М. История Финляндии. Время Екатерины II и Павла I. СПб., 1912. С. 269