Arginine decarboxylase

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-arginine carboxy-lyase (agmatine-forming). Other names in common use include SpeA, and L-arginine carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups and glutamate metabolism. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1MT1, 1N13, 1N2M, 2NV9, and 2NVA.

Blethen SL, Boeker EA, Snell EE (1968). "Argenine [sic] decarboxylase from Escherichia coli. I. Purification and specificity for substrates and coenzyme". J. Biol. Chem. 243 (8): 1671–7. PMID 4870599.
Ramakrishna S, Adiga PR (1975). "Arginine decarboxylase from Lathyrus sativus seedlings. Purification and properties". Eur. J. Biochem. 59 (2): 377–86. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb02465.x. PMID 1252.
Taylor ES & Gale EF (1945). "Studies on bacterial amino-acid decarboxylases. 6. Codecarboxylase content and action of inhibitors". Biochem. J. 39 (1): 52–58. PMC 1258148. PMID 16747854.

Carbon-carbon lyases (EC 4.1)

4.1.1: Carboxy-lyases	Acetoacetate decarboxylase Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase Glutamate decarboxylase Histidine decarboxylase Lysine decarboxylase Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase Ornithine decarboxylase Oxaloacetate decarboxylase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase Pyruvate decarboxylase RuBisCO Uridine monophosphate synthetase/Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase

4.1.2: Aldehyde-lyases	Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase Aldolase A Aldolase B Aldolase C 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase Threonine aldolase

4.1.3: Oxo-acid-lyases	Isocitrate lyase 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase

4.1.99: Other	Tryptophanase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list)

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