Arabella (given name)
Arabella is a female given name of Scottish origin.
Origin and history
The earliest known namesake: Arabella de Leuchars (c.1135-1203): was a granddaughter of the Scottish king William the Lion;[1] the earliest English namesake was the granddaughter of Arabella de Leuchars: Arabella de Quincy (c.1186-1258), the daughter of Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester. Typically of medieval bearers of the name both these Arabellas are also documented as Orabel[la] and Orabilia, and in documents which Latinize names as Orabilis.[2] A Latin construction which suffixes orare with ābilis - thus interpretable as "given to prayer" or "entreatable" - Orabilis has been suggested as the root of the name Arabella and its variants. However Orabilis may have been a purely speculative Latinized form rather than the name's true root, and usage of Arabella and its variants long being confined to Great Britain with no equivalent names in evident use elsewhere would argue for a British origin such as the Celtic òr a bheul "golden mouth", the Scottish equivalent of Bel-óir the Irish epithet for Saint Gregory the Great.[3] Another theory suggests that the name Arabella - like the name Annabel - is a Scottish development of Amabel, whose ultimate root is the Latin amabilis (lovable), which name had passed to Great Britain via usage in France.[4]
The first high-profile English bearer of the name was Royal claimant Arabella Stuart (1575-1615) also referred to as Arbella. The name Arabella remained rare in England until the Restoration ushered in a fashion for ornate names: Arabella Fermor (1696–1737) was a celebrated London beauty and while her highest profile evocation as the heroine of the 1712 poem The Rape of the Lock by Alexander Pope was under the name "Belinda" Pope did introduce the 1717 edition of his poem with a dedication "To Mrs Arabella Fermor".[5]
Remaining fairly popular in Georgian and Victorian Britain - more so in England than its native Scotland - the name Arabella began to decline in popularity in the late 1800s, bottoming out in the 1940s, when there were only 15 recorded births with that name. The name has seen a steady resurgence in popularity since the 1990s, reaching #95 most given name for newborn girls in England and Wales in 2015.[6][7]
Despite the potential for being valued as a US heritage name - being the name of the flagship of the Winthrop Fleet (see Arbella) - Arabella was long in disfavor in the United States. A rare high-profile American bearer of the name was Arabella Mansfield (née Babb) (1846-1911) the first female to pass a United States bar examination: Mansfield's birth name was Belle Aurelia Babb and she began utilizing Arabella as her first name in her first year of law school in 1862. Just ranking in the Top 1000 most given names for American newborn girls in the 1880s - the median ranking for the name Arabella from that decade's respective yearly tallies being #969 - the name Arabella became progressively rarer in the United States until an incline from circa 1990 led to a Top 1000 re-entry on the tally of the most given names for American newborn girls for the year 2006 which ranked the name Arabella at #653: the name has continued to accrue favor ranking on the tally of the most given names for American newborn girls for the year 2014 at #174 evincing 1894 instances.[8]
People named Arabella
- Arabella Arbenz (1940–1965), Guatemalan model and actress
- Arabella Buckley (1840–1929), writer and science educator
- Arabella Churchill (charity founder) (born 1949), English charity founder, festival organiser, and fundraiser
- Arabella Churchill (royal mistress) (1648–1730), mistress of King James II
- Arabella Denny (1707–1792), Irish philanthropist
- Arabella Edge, Australian novelist
- Arabella Fermor, model for the character Belinda in the poem The Rape of the Lock
- Arabella Field (born 1970), American actress
- Arabella Goddard (1836–1922), English pianist
- Arabella Hunt (died 1705), vocalist and lutenist
- Arabella Huntington (circa 1850–1924), American philanthropist
- Arabella Kiesbauer (born 1969), TV presenter, writer and actress
- Arabella Lennox-Boyd (born 1938), Italian-born English garden designer
- Arabella Mansfield (1846–1911), first female lawyer in the United States
- Arabella Steinbacher (born 1981), German violinist
- Lady Arbella Stuart (1575–1615), also spelled Arabella, considered a possible successor to Queen Elizabeth I of England
- Arabella Valpy (1833–1910), New Zealand pioneer
- Arabella Weir (born 1957), British comedian, actress and writer
Fictional characters named Arabella
- Arabella, heroine of The Female Quixote (1752) by Charlotte Lennox
- Arabella Bishop, heroine of the 1922 novel Captain Blood by Rafael Sabatini
- the above as portrayed in the films Captain Blood 1924 and Captain Blood 1935 by respectively Jean Paige and Olivia de Havilland
- Arabella Babe Carey, character in the ABC-TV soap opera All My Children, introduced in 2003 by Alexa Havins
- Arabella Donn, wife of the title character in the novel Jude the Obscure (1895) by Thomas Hardy
- Lady Arabella Gresham, major character in the 1858 novel Doctor Thorne by Anthony Trollope
- the above as portrayed by Rebecca Front in the 2016 ITV series Doctor Thorne
- Arabella Rittenhouse, ingenue role portrayed by Lillian Roth in the Marx Brothers' Animal Crackers (1930)
- Arabella Strange, wife of title character Jonathan Strange in Jonathan Strange and Mr Norrell (2004) by Susanna Clarke
- Arabella Tallant, heroine of the 1949 novel Arabella by Georgette Heyer
- Arabella Trefoil, anti-heroine in The American Senator (1875) by Anthony Trollope
- Arabella Wilmot, bride to George Primrose in The Vicar of Wakefield (1766) by Oliver Goldsmith
References
Look up orare or -abilis in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
- ↑ Hammond, Matthew (2013). New Perspectives on Medieval Scotland, 1093-1286. Woodbridge Suff: The Boydell Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-1-84383-853-1.
- ↑ https://www.geni.com/people/Orabilis-de-Quincy/6000000002043241853
- ↑ Sims-Williams, Patrick (1990). Religion and Literature in Western England 600-800. Cambs.: Cambridge University Press. pp. 186–7. ISBN 9780521673426.
- ↑ Hanks, Patrick; Hardcastle, Kate; Hodges, Flavia (2006). A Dictionary of First Names. Oxford OXON: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198610601.
- ↑ "Arabella Fermor (1696-1737)". David Nash Ford's Royal Berkshire History BerkshireHistory.com. Retrieved 23 April 2016.
- ↑ "Arabella". BritishBabyNames.com. Retrieved 23 April 2016.
- ↑ "Baby names in England and Wales: 2015". Office for National Statistics. 2 September 2016.
- ↑ http://www.babynamewizard.com/voyager#prefix=ARABELLA&ms=false&sw=f&exact=false