Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe

Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe
Left to right: Rick Wakeman, Jon Anderson, Bill Bruford, Steve Howe.
Background information
Origin	England, United Kingdom
Genres	Progressive rock, art rock
Years active	1988–1990
Labels	Arista Fragile Herald/Caroline (US) Tring International (EEC) Voiceprint
Associated acts	Yes, King Crimson, Anderson, Rabin and Wakeman
Past members	Jon Anderson Bill Bruford Rick Wakeman Steve Howe

Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe were a progressive rock band active from 1988 to 1990 that comprised four past members of the English progressive rock band Yes. Singer Jon Anderson left Yes as he felt increasingly constrained by their commercial and pop-oriented direction in the 1980s. He began an album with one of the band's line-ups from the 1970s with guitarist Steve Howe, keyboardist Rick Wakeman, and drummer Bill Bruford, who invited Tony Levin to play bass.

The group released their sole studio album, Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe, in June 1989 which reached number 14 in the UK and number 30 in the US. Their 1989–90 world tour was well-received and spawned two live albums, An Evening of Yes Music Plus (1993) and Live at the NEC – Oct 24th 1989 (2012). In 1990, tracks for a second studio album were included with songs recorded by Yes to make the thirteenth Yes album, Union (1991). This marked the end of Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe and the start of the eight-member Yes formation until 1992, comprising Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe and Yes musicians Chris Squire, Trevor Rabin, Tony Kaye, and Alan White.

History

Background and formation

In 1983, singer Jon Anderson returned to Yes to record lead vocals on their 1983 studio album 90125, which saw Yes adopt a musical direction that was more commercial and pop-oriented. The line-up during this time included bassist Chris Squire, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and guitarist Trevor Rabin who wrote the majority of 90125. The release of 90125 saw Yes reach their greatest commercial success which was followed by their 1987 album Big Generator.

In September 1988, Anderson left Yes citing his growing dissatisfaction with the band's commercial direction. He spent his summer on the Greek island of Hydra writing songs with Vangelis,^[1] where he first came up with the idea of making music with the past Yes line-up of guitarist Steve Howe, keyboardist Rick Wakeman, and drummer Bill Bruford.

Studio album

The remains of AIR Studios in Montserrat in 2013.

On his return trip from Hydra, Anderson met Howe in London who presented him with his musical ideas including the chorus of "Brother of Mine"^[1] and "Birthright". Five weeks were spent producing demo tracks at La Frette Studios in Paris. Anderson asked musician Milton McDonald to help with the project and play additional guitars.^[1] Bruford recalled meeting Anderson, Howe, Wakeman, and former Yes manager Brian Lane, at the airport in London. He said, "Oh, we're in trouble here. This obviously meant it was some sort of Yes project ... I thought I was just going to put some drums on a Jon Anderson solo record".^[2]

Recording moved to AIR Studios on the island of Montserrat for six weeks.^[1] Bruford saw the recording location as "a deal clincher".^[3] It was there when Bruford suggested to have his King Crimson band mate Tony Levin play bass on the album.^[1] Bruford noticed Anderson being "on strong form ... he conducted proceedings without fear of let or hindrance" from the problematic times recording with Yes.^[3] When recording was complete, Anderson supervised the album's mixing sessions at Bearsville Studios with mixing engineers Steve Thompson and Michael Barbiero.^[1]

Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe was released on 20 June 1989 through Arista Records. The album peaked at number 14 in the UK^[4] and number 30 in the US.^[5] It went on to reach the top 30 in Canada,^[6] Switzerland,^[7] Germany,^[8] France,^[9] Norway,^[10] and Sweden.^[11] The album sold 750,000 copies.^[12]

Lawsuit and tour

On 31 May 1989, weeks before the release of their album and tour, the group were subject to a suit filed by Yes that wished to prevent Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe from mentioning the name "Yes" in their promotional material, suggest or calling attention to Yes music which they argued may cause "confusion in the minds of the public over which group is the real Yes", and prohibit Anderson from speaking of his former membership in Yes.^[13] The suit was based on a separation agreement entered into by each past and present member of Yes in May 1984 that specified who was entitled to use the Yes name; any "withdrawing partner" from the group could no longer use the name or mention they were in the band before, after a specified date. Yes argued that Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe had "wrongfully converted" the Yes name in an advertisement for Los Angeles Times that promoted their upcoming concert as "an evening of Yes music plus".^[13] Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe filed a response on 5 June; their attorneys called Yes's suit "an outrageous attempt ... to stop the media and public from comparing ABWH's new recording with theirs".^[13] According to former Yes tour co-ordinator Jim Halley, "the European promoters began splashing the name Yes all over the posters ... in the end they came to an accommodation".^[2] Anderson stressed, "we never said we were Yes. It was the record company!"^[2]

When Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe toured, they titled their shows "An Evening of Yes Music Plus",^[14]

Merge with Yes and Union

ABWH and Yes produced a Yes album titled Union.^[14] The album included recordings originally intended for separate albums by both groups. Several songs originally intended for the second ABWH album, tentatively titled Dialogue, surfaced on the 1990s bootleg We Make Believe and the underground Yesoteric bootleg compilation. This material included demos by Anderson but without the other three that were subsequently released as part of Jon Anderson's The Lost Tapes box set series as Watching the Flags That Fly.

Songs from the ABWH album have been included on subsequent Yes compilations and Yes concerts.

Discography and videography

Studio albums

• Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (1989)

Singles

• "Order of the Universe" (1988)
• "Brother of Mine" (1988)
• "I'm Alive" (1989)

Live albums

• An Evening of Yes Music Plus (1993)
• Live at the NEC – Oct 24th 1989 (2012)

Home videos

• In the Big Dream (1989)
• An Evening of Yes Music Plus (1993)

Music videos

• "Brother of Mine" (1989)
• "Order of the Universe" (1989)
• "I'm Alive" (1989)

Personnel

Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe

• Jon Anderson – vocals
• Bill Bruford – acoustic and electronic drums, percussion
• Rick Wakeman – keyboards
• Steve Howe – guitars

Additional musicians

• Tony Levin – bass, Chapman stick, vocals (album and tour)
• Milton McDonald – rhythm guitar (album and tour)
• Matt Clifford – keyboards, programming, orchestration and vocals (album)
• Julian Colbeck – additional keyboards (tour)
• Jeff Berlin – bass (tour; replacement after Levin fell ill)

References

Sources

Bibliography

• Bruford, Bill (2009). Bill Bruford: The Autobiography: Yes, King Crimson, Earthworks, and More. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1-906002-23-7. 
• Welch, Chris (2008). Close to the Edge – The Story of Yes. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1-84772-132-7.