Amphictyon

For the Amphictyony, an ancient Greek religious organization, see Amphictyonic League.

Amphictyon (/æmˈfɪkti.ɒn/; Ancient Greek: Ἀμφικτυών), in Greek mythology, was the second son of Deucalion and Pyrrha,[1] although there was also a tradition that he was autochthonous (born from the earth);[2] he is also said to be a son of Hellen son of Deucalion and Pyrrha.[3] Amphictyon was king of Thermopylae and married a daughter of Cranaus of Athens.[4] According to some accounts this daughter was named Atthis, although this conflicts with other accounts which relate that she died young as an unmarried virgin.[5] Amphictyon eventually deposed Cranaus, proclaiming himself king of Athens.[2][4]

Amphictyon had a son, Itonus, who in his turn became the father of Boeotus, Iodame and Chromia by Melanippe.[6][7][8] He also had a daughter, never mentioned by name, who became the mother of Cercyon by Poseidon, and of Triptolemus by Rarus.[9] Some add that Amphictyon had another son, Physcus, by Chthonopatra;[10] others, however, state that Physcus was the grandson of Amphictyon through Aetolus.[11]

Amphictyon ruled Athens for ten, or in some accounts, twelve years and founded the Amphictyonic League, which traditionally met at Thermopylae in historical times.[12][13] During his reign, Dionysus was supposed to have visited Amphictyon in Athens and taught him how to mix water with wine in the proper proportions.[14] Amphictyon was deposed by Erichthonius, another autochthonous king of Athens.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 7. 2
  2. 1 2 3 Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3. 14. 6
  3. ↑ Smith, citing Dionysius of Halicarnassus
  4. 1 2 Pausanias, Description of Greece, 1. 2. 6
  5. ↑ Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3. 14. 5
  6. ↑ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 9. 1.1.&9. 34. 1
  7. ↑ Tzetzes on Lycophron, 1206
  8. ↑ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 5. 1. 4
  9. ↑ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 1. 14. 3
  10. ↑ Eustathius on Homer, p. 277
  11. ↑ Stephanus of Byzantium, s. v. Physkos
  12. ↑ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 10. 8. 1
  13. ↑ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquities, 4. 25. 3
  14. ↑ Eustathius on Homer, p. 1815

Sources

Regnal titles
Preceded by
Cranaus		 King of Athens
10 years 		Succeeded by
Erichthonius
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