Ahir Bhairav
Hindustani classical music |
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Concepts |
Genres |
Thaats |
Ahir Bhairav is a Hindustani classical raga. It is a mixture of Bhairav and the ancient but now rare raga Ahiri or Abhiri,[1] or perhaps a mixture of Bhairav and Kafi.[2]
Theory
Arohana and avarohana
S r G m P D n S'
S' n D P m G r S
Key:
S, R, G, m, P, D: shuddha (natural);
r, g, d, n : komal (flat);
M: teevra (sharp)
Pa and Sa are sometimes avoided in ascending [Arohan].. The descend can be direct, but is often expressed as S' n D P m, G m Gr ~ S with a slight oscillation on komal re to express the character of Bhairav [1]
Vadi and samavadi
Vadi
ma
Samavadi
Sa
But Ga, Pa and
Dha
Pakad or Chalan
S, r G m, G m r, ṇ Ḍ, ṇ r S
| komal Ni, shuddha Dha, komal Ni, komal Re, Sa | is the most characteristic run, where the Ni and Dha belong to the lower octave and the Re and Sa are from the middle octave. There is typically some andolan/oscillation at the flattened second (komal Re).
Organization and relationships
Also there may be impressions of Kafi, the image of Ahir Bhairav is easily maintained with the characteristic passage ṇ Ḍ ṇ/r~ S [1] Specially the characteristic Bhairav andolan (oscillation) on komal re. Sometimes shuddha Ni is used in the lower octave to emphazise the Bhairav character.[3]
The Carnatic music equivalent to this raga is Chakravakam.
Related ragas:
Behavior
Ahir Bhairav is typical uttarang raga, which means emphasis is on the upper tetrachord.
Samay (Time)
The second Prahr of the morning, around 6 AM - 9 AM.
Historical Information
Important Recordings
Nikhil Banerjee, Raga Ahir Bhairav. Multitone Records, UK Limited, 1995. LP. (Available on iTunes.)
Ravi Shankar, Three Classical Ragas. HMV, 1957. LP.
Wasif-ud-din Dagar, Chalo sakhi braj raje. Alap and Composition in Dhamar. Music Today. A97015. Cassette.[4]
Film Songs based on Ahir bhairav
- puuchho naa kaise maine rain bitaaii
- waqt karataa jo wafaa aap hamaare hote
- Ram Teri Ganga Maili Ho Gayee(Title Track)(film: Ram Teri Ganga Maili)
- ab tere bin jee le.nge ham (film: Aashiqui)
- solah baras kii baalii umr ko salaam
- alabelaa sajan aayo re (film: Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam)
- Tirtha Vitthal Kshetra Vitthal (album: Abhangwani-Pt. Bhimsen Joshi)
- Teri ummid tera intezar karte hain (film: Deewana)
- "Boulevard of broken dreams"(Artiste:Green day)
Carnatic music
Chakravakam, the 16th Melakarta raga of Carnatic music, which is a sampurna scale (all seven notes in ascending and descending scale), closely resembles Ahir Bhairav.[5] However, in the modern times Ahir Bhairav raga has been used in a few Carnatic music compositions and many South Indian film songs as well.
References
Literature
(most) entries due to:
- Bagchee, Sandeep (1999), NĀD Understanding Raga Music, Mumbai: Eshwar, ISBN 81-86982-08-6
- Bhatkhande, Vishnu Nayaran (1968–73), Hindusthānī Sangīta Paddhaati: Kramika Pustaka Mālikā (6 vols.), 5, Hathras: Sangeet Karyalaya, pp. 346–351
- Bhatkhande, Vishnu Nayaran (1968–75), Hindusthānī Sangīta Paddhaati: Sangīta Śāstra (4 vols), 2, Hathras: Sangeet Karyalaya, pp. 359–376
- Bhatt, Balvantray (1977), Bhāvaranga Lahāri, 2, Varanasi: Motilal Barnasidas, pp. 53–61
- Gandharva, Kumar (1965), Anūpa rāga vilāsa, Bombay: Mauj Prakashan, pp. 4–5
- Jha, Ramashraya (1968–78), Ābhinava Gītānjali (2 vols), 1, Allahabad: Sangeet Sadan Prakashan, pp. 299–319
- Kaufmann, Walter (1968), The ragas of North india, Calcutta, New Dheli, Bombay: Oxford & IBH Publishing Company
- Khan, Raja Nawab Ali (1924), Māriphunnagamāta, 1, Hathras: Sangeet Karyalaya, pp. 216–217
- Khan, Raja Nawab Ali (1924), Māriphunnagamāta, 2, Hathras: Sangeet Karyalaya, pp. 95–97
- Moutal, Patrick (1991), Hindustāni Rāga-s Index, New Dheli: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd, ISBN 81-215-0525-7
- Patki, J.D (1971–75), Aprakāśita Rāga, 3, Hathras: Sangeet Karyalaya, pp. 85–90
- Patwaradan, Narayan Rao (1972), Tarala Prabandhāvalī, Rajasthan: Vanasthali Vidyapith, p. 4
- Patwaradan, Vinayak Rao (1961–74), Raga Vijñāna (7 vols), 5, Poona: Sangeet Gaurav Granthamala, pp. 193–198
- Phulambrikar, Krishnarao, Rāga Sangraha (7 vols), 6, Poona, pp. 1–4
- Ratanjankar, S.N., Abhinava Gīta Manjarī (vols 1,2a,2b), 2a, Bombay: Popular Prakashan, pp. 144–148
- Srivastava, Jaisuklai (1969), Malhāra Ke Prakāra, 4, Bombay: Jaisuklal Shah, pp. 19–22
- Vaze, Ramkrishna Narahar (1938), Sangīta Kala Prakāśa, 1, Poona: Ramkrishna Sangeet Vidyalaya, pp. 79–80
- Rao, Suvarnalata; Wim, van der Meer; Jane, Harvey (1999), Bor, Joep, ed., The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74 Hindustani Ragas, London: Zenith Media
External links
- SRA on Samay and Ragas
- SRA on Ragas and Thaats
- Film Songs in Ahir Bhairav
- More details about raag AhirBhairav
- Various artists presenting Raga Ahir Bhairav
- Alap on sitar by Abhik Mukherjee(YouTube)
- from YouYube by Pandit Jasraj
- ghazal "mein ne jo geet" from Naushad by Mehendra Kapoor
- vocal rendition by Sanjeev Abhayankar(part 1)(part 2)(part 3)
- Alap on sitar by Swanand