Adrian Diel
August Friedrich Adrian Diel (born February 4, 1756 in Gladenbach; † April 22, 1839 in Diez) was a German physician and founder of Pomology at the turn of the 19th century.
Life
Adrian Diel’s father Kaspar Ludwig was a surgeon and apothecary. August Friedrich Adrian, after studying in Giessen and Strasbourg, acquired in 1780 in Giessen a Doctorate in Medicine and Surgery. After that, he became a doctor in Gladenbach. In 1786 he served as practitioner of the Count of Spaur, who was Judge at Imperial Court in Wetzlar, and dealt mainly with Balneology. In 1790 he took over the office of spa doctor in Bad Ems (Nassau) and at the same time was the district physician at his residence Diez. In the same year Diel became Aulic Councillor, then Private Councillor of the Duchy of Nassau. He married a native of Diez, Maria Altgelt, but she died soon afterwards. In Diez, in the property known up to this day as "House Eberhard", which his wife had brought into the marriage, Diel planted extensive orchards with reportedly up to 12,000 apple trees.
He gained importance as a breeder of fruits, and as an author of important pomological writings, and laid the basis for the rise of that science in the 19th Century. In addition to his work on the systematics of the fruit trees Diel also exerted political influence to promote fruit cultivation in the Duchy of Nassau. After the vineyards had been largely destroyed in the immediate area of Diez because of pest infestation, Diel also created large plum orchards. The introduction of cherries at higher elevations in the Lahn area and the Nassau government regulation on planting fruit trees by the roadsides and on creating orchards in schools goes back to his initiative.
From his marriage with Adrietta Dorothea Christine, born Scriba, were born seven children.
In 1925 the city of Diez named a newly created road as "Dielstraße". In his native city of Gladenbach there's an „Adrian-Diel-Straße“.
Fruits named after Diel
- Diels Barceloner Parmäne,[1] Diels große englische Renette[2] and Diels Renette[3] were well-known apple varieties of the 19th Century. The Dietzer Goldrenette[4] reminds us of the place of his work.
- As for pears Diels Butterbirne[5] reminds us of the great breeder (cf. Liste der Birnensorten). With the Balduinsteiner Kinderbirne, now lost, Diel also immortalized that Diez belongs to the neighborhoods of Balduinstein.
Works
- Pomology
- Anleitung zu einer Obstorangerie in Scherben. 1793; 2nd Edition in 1798 and 3rd Edition in 1804 with the title Ueber die Anlegung einer Obstorangerie in Scherben und die Vegetation der Gewächse.
- Versuch einer systematischen Beschreibung in Deutschland vorhandener Kernobstsorten. 26 volumes, 1799–1832 (Digitized).
- Systematisches Verzeichniß der vorzüglichsten in Deutschland vorhandenen Obstsorten. Frankfurt 1818 with two continuation volumes in 1829 and 1833.
- Medicine
- Ueber den Gebrauch der Thermalbäder in Ems, 1825.
- Ueber den innerlichen Gebrauch der Thermalbäder in Ems, 1832.
- sowie Übersetzungen medizinischer Werke, u. a. der Medicinischen Commentarien einer Gesellschaft der Aerzte in Edinburg in acht Bänden.
Literature
- William Löbe (1877), "Diel, August Friedrich Adrian", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB) (in German), 5, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, p. 127
- Albert Henche (1957), "Diel, Adrian", Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB) (in German), 3, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 645–645; (full text online)
- Alfred Scheld: August Friedrich Adrian Diel. Medical History Thesis self-published in Marburg in 1979. New updated 2011 edition by the author.
External links
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German Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
- August Friedrich Adrian Diel: Versuchs einer systematischen Beschreibung in Deutschland vorhandener Kernobstsorten. Frankfurt 1799 (Scans des Bücherei des Deutschen Gartenbaues e. V.)