Acetobacter

Acetobacter
A scanning electron micrograph of Acetobacter aceti
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Alphaproteobacteria
Order: Rhodospirillales
Family: Acetobacteraceae
Genus: Acetobacter
Beijerinck 1898
Type species
Acetobacter aceti
Species

A. aceti
A. cerevisiae
A. cibinongensis
A. estunensis
A. indonesiensis
A. liquefaciens
A. lovaniensis
A. malorum
A. nitrogenifigens
A. oeni
A. orientalis
A. orleanensis
A. pasteurianus
A. peroxydans
A. pomorum
A. syzygii
A. tropicalis

Acetobacter is a genus of acetic acid bacteria. Acetic acid bacteria are characterized by the ability to convert ethanol to acetic acid in the presence of oxygen. Of these, the genus Acetobacter is distinguished by the ability to oxidize lactate and acetate into carbon dioxide and water.[1] Bacteria of the genus Acetobacter have been isolated from industrial vinegar fermentation processes and are frequently used as fermentation starter cultures.[2]

History

In 1998, two strains of Acetobacter isolated from red wine and cider vinegar were named Acetobacter oboediens and Acetobacter pomorum[3]

In 2000, Acetobacter oboediens and Acetobacter intermedius were transferred to Gluconacetobacter on the basis of 16S rRNA sequencing.[4]

In 2002, Acetobacter cerevisiae and Acetobacter malorum were identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis of Acetobacter strains.[1]

In 2006, a strain of Acetobacter isolated from spoiled red wine was named Acetobacter oeni.[5]

References

  1. 1 2 Cleenwerck I; Vandemeulebroecke D; Janssens D; Swings J (2002). "Re-examination of the genus Acetobacter, with descriptions of Acetobacter cerevisiae sp. nov. and Acetobacter malorum sp. nov.". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 52: 1551–1558. doi:10.1099/00207713-52-5-1551. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  2. ↑ Sokollek SJ; Hertel C; Hammes WP (February 1998). "Cultivation and preservation of vinegar bacteria". Journal of Biotechnology. 60 (3): 195–206. doi:10.1016/s0168-1656(98)00014-5. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  3. ↑ Spokollek SJ; Hertel C; Hammes WP (July 1998). "Description of Acetobacter oboediens sp. nov. and Acetobacter pomorum sp. nov., two new species isolated from industrial vinegar fermentations". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 48: 935–940. doi:10.1099/00207713-48-3-935. PMID 9734049.
  4. ↑ Yamada Y (2000). "Transfer of Acetobacter oboediens Sokollek et al. 1998 and Acetobacter intermedius Boesch et al. 1998 to the genus Gluconacetobacter as Gluconacetobacter oboediens comb. nov. and Gluconacetobacter intermedius comb. nov.". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 50: 2225–2227. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-6-2225. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  5. ↑ Silva LR; Cleenwerck I; Rivas R; Swings J; Trujilo ME; Willems A; Velazuez E (2006). "Acetobacter oeni sp. nov. isolated from spoiled red wine". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 56: 21–24. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.46000-0. Retrieved 23 December 2015.

Further reading

Madigan M; Martinko J (editors). (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (11th ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-144329-1. 

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