3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division (United States)

3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division

3rd Brigade logo
Country United States United States
Branch United States Army United States Army
Nickname(s) "Grey Wolf"[1]

The 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division ("Grey Wolf"[1]) is a combined arms armored brigade of the 1st Cavalry Division. Its major equipment includes M1A2SEP Tanks, M2A3 & M3A3 Bradley infantry fighting vehicles, M109A6 Paladin howitzers, and M1114 up-armored Humvees.

Regiments

Heraldry

The 3rd Brigade is a subordinate component of the 1st Cavalry Division and wears the same shoulder sleeve insignia.

Initial organization

The 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division was first constituted on 29 August 1917. It was organized in December 1917 as Headquarters, 3rd Brigade, an element of the 15th Cavalry Division. The brigade demobilized on 15 July 1919. The brigade was reconstituted on 10 August 1921, joining the newly constituted 1st Cavalry Division. Never officially reorganized, the Brigade remained on inactive status until its activation on 15 October 1940.

World War II

The brigade was converted and redesignated as HHC, 9th Armored Division Trains, and the unit deployed to the European Theater where it received campaign participation credit for the operations in Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, and Central Europe. The unit was awarded two Meritorious Unit Commendations with streamers embroidered Europe 1944 and Europe 1945. Following World War II, the unit returned to the United States and was inactivated.

South Korea

The brigade remained inactive until 15 July 1963, when it was relieved from assignment to the 9th Armored Division, converted and redesignated as HHC, 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division. The brigade was activated on 1 September 1963, with the Division on station in Korea at the Korean Demilitarized Zone.

Vietnam War

In July 1965, the division colors moved to Fort Benning and underwent reorganization as an airmobile unit. No soldiers moved, and the soldiers remaining in Korea put on the patch of the 2nd Infantry Division. The brigade was filled with soldiers from the 2nd Infantry Division and the 11th Airborne Division.

The 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Divison (Airmoble) sailed from Charleston, South Carolina to Qui Nhơn, Republic of Vietnam on 17 September 1965. The first major action undertaken by the brigade began on 10 October 1965, and was followed by participation in the Battle of Ia Drang (November 14, 15,17) officially known as the Pleiku Campaign. The 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) received the Presidential Unit Citation for the period 23 October to 26 November 1965.

The 3rd Brigade was formed into a separate unit and assumed operational control of the old 1st Cavalry Division area of operations in South Vietnam until 10 April 1971.

In 1972, the brigade left South Vietnam for Fort Hood, Texas, to rejoin the 1st Cavalry Division. When its colors arrived at Fort Hood on 29 June 1972, the unit officially became the "Greywolf" Brigade, named after General George Crook, considered the U.S. Army's greatest Indian fighter. The brigade underwent a change from an airmobile configuration to an infantry brigade (heavy or mechanized infantry). The "Greywolf" Brigade remained with the division until its inactivation in 1980.

The 3rd Brigade was composed of the following elements:

Post Operation Desert Storm

The brigade remained on the inactive roles until 21 May 1991, when the 1st "Tiger" Brigade, 2nd Armored Division was redesignated as the 3rd "Greywolf" Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division. Since that time, the brigade has participated in several National Training Center rotations, deployed task force sized elements to Kuwait, and in September 1996, conducted the first post- Desert Storm, no-notice, brigade sized deployment to Kuwait in support of Operation Desert Strike.

Operation Iraqi Freedom II

Aerial view and map of the Green Zone in Baghdad

In early 2004, 3d Brigade began deploying to Iraq for Operation Iraqi Freedom. The brigade protected the Green Zone and surrounding neighborhoods in Baghdad. The last elements returned home in March 2005.

The brigade was organized as follows:

The brigade re-task organized in Kuwait before entering Iraq:

Also attached were:

The brigade received the following unit citations:

Modularization

Under the modularization of the 1st Cavalry Division, two battalions were transferred to 4th Brigade and the 8th Engineers were inactivated. One battalion was transferred in from 1st Brigade, F Troop was expanded into a squadron, and a special troops battalion was organized.

Operation Iraqi Freedom 2006–07

In September 2006 the 3rd "Greywolf" Brigade began deploying to Iraq for its second OIF combat tour. During this tour it was deployed to the Diyala Province and based out of Baqubah. While serving as the main regional force for Coalition efforts in the area it fell under the command of Multi National Division-North (MND-N). During the 2006–2008 tour MND-N was commanded by the 25th Infantry Division and based out of COB Speicher in Tikrit. The brigade was a part of the controversial theater "extension" that increased all combat tours to 15 months. This pushed their re-deployment home from theater to December 2007.

Operation Iraqi Freedom 2008–09

In December 2008 the Greywolf Troopers deployed to Iraq for their third tour. On 19 January 2009 they assumed control of FOB Marez in Mosul from the "Brave Rifles" of the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment. As during their last Iraq rotation the Greywolf Brigade were once again under the 25th Infantry Division and MND-N.[3]

Operation New Dawn 2011

In February 2011, the Greywolf Brigade deployed to the southern provinces of Iraq with forces in Muthanna, Dhi Qar, Maysan and Basrah. The primary mission of the brigade was to continue to improve Iraqi Army and Police forces through an Advise and Assist mission. Their secondary mission was to conduct route security missions to assist in maintaining open ground lines of communication. Both missions would support the United States military forces eventual departure from Iraq in December 2011. On 17 December 2011, Greywolf's Special Troops Battalion was the last combat unit to redeploy from the war torn nation, thus ending America's 9 year long war.

Reorganization

With the inactivation of the 4th Brigade Combat Team "Long Knife" in 2013, 2nd Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment rejoined the Brigade after 8 years.[4][5] The 3rd Engineer Battalion replaced the 3rd Special troops Battalion which had been formed from the 8th Engineer Battalion in 2005.

Current Organization

Campaign participation credit[6]

Conflict Streamer Year(s)
World War II
Rhineland 1944
Ardennes-Alsace 1944
Central Europe 1944
Vietnam War
Vietnam Defense 1965
Counteroffensive, Phase I 1965–1966
Counteroffensive, Phase II 1966–1967
Counteroffensive, Phase III 1967–1968
Tet Counteroffensive 1968
Counteroffensive, Phase IV 1968
Counteroffensive, Phase V 1968
Counteroffensive, Phase VI 1968–1969
Tet 69/Counteroffensive 1969
Summer–Fall 1969 1969
Winter–Spring 1970 1970
Sanctuary Counteroffensive 1970
Counteroffensive, Phase VII 1970–1971
Consolidation I 1971
Consolidation II 1971-1972
Cease-Fire 1972-1973
Operation Iraqi Freedom
 Iraqi Governance 2004
National Resolution 2005
Iraqi Surge 2008
Iraqi Sovereignty 2009
New Dawn 2011

Decorations[7]

Ribbon Award Year Inscription
Army Presidential Unit Citation 23 Oct. to 26 Nov. 1965 PLEIKU PROVINCE
Army Valorous Unit Award QUANG TIN PROVINCE
Army Valorous Unit Award May 1970 FISH HOOK
Army Meritorious Unit Commendation 1944 EUROPE 1944
Army Meritorious Unit Commendation 1945 EUROPE 1945
Army Meritorious Unit Commendation 2004–2005 IRAQ
Army meritorious Unit Commendation 2008–2009 IRAQ
Army Meritorious Unit Commendation 2011 IRAQ
Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm 1965–1969 VIETNAM
Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm 1969–1970 VIETNAM
Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm 1970–1971 VIETNAM
Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm 1971–1972 VIETNAM
Republic of Vietnam Civil Actions Medal with Palm 1969–1970 VIETNAM

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Special Unit Designations". United States Army Center of Military History. 21 April 2010. Archived from the original on 9 June 2010. Retrieved 23 June 2010.
  2. ↑ http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Heraldry/ArmyDUISSICOA/ArmyHeraldryUnit.aspx?u=4386
  3. ↑ www.mnf-iraq.com
  4. ↑ http://www.dvidshub.net/news/printable/115302 ‘Long Knife’ Brigade cases colors, turns new chapter during inactivation ceremony
  5. ↑ http://www.forthoodsentinel.com/story.php?id=12275 Long Knife cases colors
  6. ↑ http://www.history.army.mil/html/reference/campaigns.html#vie_war
  7. ↑ http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/orghist.html#tab_2
Bibliography

 This article incorporates public domain material from the United States Army Center of Military History document "Headquarters, 3d Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division Lineage and Honors".

External links

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