1998 in spaceflight
| |
Orbital launches | |
---|---|
First | 7 January |
Last | 30 December |
Total | 82 |
Successes | 75 |
Failures | 5 |
Partial failures | 2 |
Catalogued | 77 |
National firsts | |
Satellite |
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Space traveller |
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Rockets | |
Maiden flights |
Athena II Delta II 7326 Delta II 7420 Delta II 7425 Delta III Shtil' |
Retirements |
Atlas II Titan IVA |
Manned flights | |
Orbital | 7 |
Total travellers | 39 |
Launches
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Launch site | LSP | ||||
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Payload | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
7 January 02:28 |
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NASA | Selenocentric | Lunar orbiter | 31 July 1999 | Successful | ||
Maiden flight of Athena II, first orbital launch from Spaceport Florida | |||||||
10 January 00:32 |
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MoD | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
16 January 03:25 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 16 January | Successful | ||
16 January 03:46 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM interceptor | 16 January | Successful | ||
22 January 12:56 |
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Intended: Low Earth (retrograde) | Reconnaissance | 22 January | Launch Failure | |||
Second stage failure | |||||||
23 January 02:48 |
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NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir Program | 31 January 16:57 | Successful | ||
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NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Endeavour) | Logistics | ||||
Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts | |||||||
25 January 08:35 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Ozone/Aeronomy research | 25 January | Successful | ||
26 January 12:26 |
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SSC/DLR | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 26 January | Successful | ||
29 January 16:33 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-25 | 25 August 05:24 | Successful | ||
Manned orbital flight with three cosmonauts | |||||||
29 January 18:37 |
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NRO | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
NRO Launch 5 | |||||||
31 January 04:30 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Solar observation | 31 January | Successful | ||
31 January 23:43 |
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DLR | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 31 January | Successful | ||
4 February 23:29 |
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Embratel | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Inmarsat | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
5 February 08:30 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Plasma research | 5 February | Successful | |||
7 February 07:40 |
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SSC | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 7 February | Successful | ||
10 February | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 February | Successful | |||
10 February | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 February | Successful | |||
10 February | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 February | Successful | |||
10 February | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 February | Successful | |||
10 February 13:20 |
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US Navy | Low Earth | Radar altimetry | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Celestis | Low Earth | Space burial | In orbit | Successful | ||
11 February 09:42 |
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DLR | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 11 February | Successful | ||
14 February 14:34 |
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Globalstar | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Globalstar | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Globalstar | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Globalstar | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
Maiden flight of Delta II 7420 | |||||||
17 February 10:34 |
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Low Earth | Cartography | 2 April | Successful | |||
18 February 13:58 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
19 February | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 February | Successful | |||
19 February | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 February | Successful | |||
20 February 00:09 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 20 February | Successful | ||
20 February 00:37 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 20 February | Successful | ||
20 February 08:23 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 February | Failure | ||
21 February 07:55 |
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NASDA | Intended: Geosynchronous Actual: Medium Earth |
Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
Upper stage failure led to lower orbit than planned | |||||||
25 February 03:17 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 25 February | Successful | ||
25 February 07:43 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 25 February | Successful | |||
25 February 07:50 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 25 February | Successful | ||
26 February 07:07 |
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NASA/UC Boulder | Low Earth | Nitric Oxide research | 13 December 2003 | Successful | ||
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Teledesic | Low Earth | Communications | 9 October 2000 | Successful | ||
27 February 22:38 |
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Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
28 February 00:21 |
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Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
3 March 22:33 |
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SSC | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 3 March | Successful | ||
6 March 21:26 |
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SSC | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 3 March | Successful | ||
7 March 01:33 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 7 March | Successful | ||
7 March | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 March | Successful | |||
7 March | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 March | Successful | |||
10 March | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 March | Successful | |||
10 March | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 March | Successful | |||
11 March 23:39 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 11 March | Successful | ||
14 March 22:45 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 15 May | Successful | ||
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir attitude control unit | 23 March 2001 05:50 | Successful | ||
16 March 21:32 |
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US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
Final flight of baseline Atlas II | |||||||
21 March | ![]() |
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INPE | Suborbital | Test sounding rocket | 21 March | Successful | |||
24 March 01:46 |
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CNES | Sun-synchronous | Earth Imaging | In orbit | Operational | ||
25 March 01:45 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 25 March | Successful | ||
25 March 17:01 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
30 March 06:02 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
2 April 02:42 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Solar research | In orbit | Operational | ||
6 April | ![]() |
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PAF | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 April | Successful | |||
Maiden flight of Ghauri | |||||||
6 April | ![]() |
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ISRO | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 6 April | Successful | |||
7 April 02:13 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
15 April | ![]() |
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RVSN/ISC Kosmotras | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 April | Successful | |||
Part of Dnepr development programme | |||||||
17 April 18:05 |
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BMDO | Suborbital | Technology development | 17 April | Successful | ||
17 April 18:19 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 3 May 16:09 | Successful | ||
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NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Life science research | ||||
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NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission duration extension pallet | ||||
Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts Final flight of Spacelab Long Module No. 2 | |||||||
18 April 04:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 18 April | Successful | |||
18 April 07:30 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 18 April | Successful | |||
24 April 22:38 |
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Globalstar | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Globalstar | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Globalstar | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Globalstar | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
28 April 12:10 |
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CSA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 28 April | Successful | ||
28 April 22:53 |
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Nilesat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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BSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
Nilesat is the first Egyptian satellite | |||||||
29 April 04:36 |
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RVSN | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
2 May 09:16 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
7 May 08:53 |
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MO RF | Molniya | Early Warning | In orbit | Operational | ||
7 May 10:30 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 May | Successful | |||
7 May 23:45 |
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EchoStar | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
9 May 01:38 |
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NRO | Geosynchronous | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
12 May 11:22 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM Target | 12 May | Successful | |||
12 May 11:25 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM Interceptor | 12 May | Failure | |||
13 May 15:52 |
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NOAA | Sun-synchronous | Weather satellite | In orbit | Operational | ||
14 May 22:12 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 29 October 04:14 | Successful | ||
17 May 21:16 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
22 May 06:22 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Infrared astronomy | 22 May | Successful | ||
30 May 10:00 |
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COTSC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
2 June 22:06 |
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NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir flight | 12 June 18:00 | Successful | ||
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NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Discovery) | Logistics | ||||
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ESA | Low Earth (Discovery) | Particle physics | ||||
Manned orbital flight with six astronauts, landing with seven Final Shuttle-Mir flight and first shuttle flight with Super-lightweight Aluminium/Lithium ET | |||||||
3 June 19:57 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 June | Successful | ||
10 June 00:35 |
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Telenor | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
11 June 01:00 |
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KARI | Suborbital | Ionosphere research X-ray astronomy | 11 June | Successful | |||
15 June 22:58 |
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MO RF | Intended: Medium Earth Actual: Low Earth |
Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
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MO RF | Intended: Medium Earth Actual: Low Earth |
Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
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MO RF | Intended: Medium Earth Actual: Low Earth |
Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
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MO RF | Intended: Medium Earth Actual: Low Earth |
Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
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MO RF | Intended: Medium Earth Actual: Low Earth |
Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
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MO RF | Intended: Medium Earth Actual: Low Earth |
Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
Third stage failure left satellites in lower orbit than planned | |||||||
16 June 14:19 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Test sounding rocket | 16 June | Successful | |||
18 June 22:48 |
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Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
24 June 08:01 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 June | Successful | ||
24 June 12:46 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 June | Successful | ||
24 June 18:29 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 22 October | Successful | ||
25 June 14:00 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 12 July 1999 | Successful | ||
1 July 00:48 |
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MOM | Molniya | Communications | 2 February 2011 | Successful | ||
3 July 18:12 |
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ISAS | Intended: Areocentric Actual: Heliocentric |
Mars orbiter | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | ||
Gravity assist produced less velocity than expected, spacecraft ran out of fuel trying to compensate | |||||||
7 July 03:15 |
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TUB | Low Earth | Communications | 23 April 2002 | Successful | ||
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TUB | Low Earth | Communications | 21 October 2000 | Successful | ||
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Makeev | Low Earth | Measure carrier rocket performance | In orbit | Successful | ||
Maiden flight of Shtil' and first orbital launch from a submarine | |||||||
10 July 06:30 |
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Low Earth | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | |||
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FACh | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
TMSAT | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Technion | Low Earth | Technology development | In orbit | Operational | ||
WESTPAC | WPLTN | Low Earth | Laser tracking | In orbit | Operational | ||
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DLR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
Fasat-Bravo is the first successful Chilean satellite | |||||||
18 July 09:20 |
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SinoSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
22 July | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile test | 22 July | Failure | ||||
Maiden flight of Shahab-3 | |||||||
28 July 09:15 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
2 August 16:24 |
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
12 August 11:30 |
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Intended: Geosynchronous | ELINT | 12 August T+40 seconds | Launch Failure | |||
Final flight of Titan IVA Control lost after guidance system malfunction; Range Safety self-destruct | |||||||
13 August 09:43 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-26 | 28 February 1999 02:14 | Successful | ||
Manned orbital flight with three cosmonauts | |||||||
15 August 05:30 |
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NASA | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 15 August | Successful | ||
19 August 23:01 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
21 August | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 August | Successful | |||
25 August 23:07 |
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Singapore Telecom/Chunghwa Telecom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
27 August 01:17 |
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PanAmSat | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communications | 27 August T+75 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
Maiden flight of Delta III Hydraulic failure in thrust vectoring system led to range safety self-destruct | |||||||
30 August 00:31 |
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SES | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
31 August 03:07 |
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Chongon | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | 31 August | Launch Failure | ||
First North Korean orbital launch attempt; Never achieved orbit due to a suspected third stage failure | |||||||
8 September 21:13 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 29 November 2000 | Spacecraft Failure | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
9 September 20:29 |
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | 9 September | Launch Failure | ||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
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Globalstar | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | ||||
Computer error caused premature second stage cutout | |||||||
16 September 06:31 |
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PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
16 September 11:10 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 September | Successful | |||
18 September 08:01 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 September | Successful | ||
18 September 15:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Hypersonic dynamics test | 18 September | Successful | ||
21 September 14:51 |
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ISRO/DLR | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 21 September | Successful | ||
23 September 05:06 |
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
24 September 12:50 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 24 September | Successful | ||
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Weapons test | 24 September | Successful | ||
28 September 15:11 |
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ISRO/DLR | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 28 September | Successful | ||
28 September 23:41 |
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MOM | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
3 October 10:04 |
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NRO | Low Earth | Technology research | In orbit | Partial satellite failure | ||
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NRO | Low Earth | Technology research | In orbit | Satellite failure | ||
ATeX failed to deploy fully and was jettisoned from STEX on 16 January 1999 to protect the main spacecraft | |||||||
5 October 22:51 |
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Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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NSAB | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
7 October 12:00 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 October | Successful | |||
9 October 22:50 |
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Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
20 October 07:19 |
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US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
21 October 16:37 |
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ESA | Geosynchronous transfer | Monitor rocket performance | In orbit | Successful | ||
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ESA | Suborbital | Spacecraft recovery demonstration | 21 October | Successful | ||
ARD recovered in Pacific Ocean by French Navy | |||||||
22 October 12:53 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 October | Failure | |||
Self-destruct activated after rocket went off course | |||||||
22 October 00:02 |
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INPE | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
24 October 21:13 |
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NASA | Heliocentric | Asteroid/Comet probe | In orbit | Successful | ||
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Alabama | Low Earth | Amateur radio | In orbit | Operational | ||
Maiden flight of Delta II 7326 Deep Space 1 performed flybys of 1992 KD and 19P/Borrelly | |||||||
25 October 04:14 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 5 February 1999 11:10 | Successful | ||
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ACF/AMSAT/RuAF | Low Earth | Amateur radio | 11 January 1999 | Successful | ||
Sputnik-41 deployed from Mir during an EVA on 10 November | |||||||
28 October 22:15 |
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1worldspace | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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GE Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
29 October 19:19 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 7 November 17:03 | Successful | ||
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NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Discovery) | Scientific research | ||||
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NASA | Low Earth | Solar observation | ||||
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US Navy | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | ||
Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Spanish space traveller (Pedro Duque) and the oldest person to fly in space (John Glenn) PANSAT deployed on 30 October; SPARTAN deployed on 1 November and retrieved on 3 November | |||||||
2 November 18:20 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet solar observation | 2 November | Successful | ||
4 November 05:12 |
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PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
6 November 01:32 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Rocket test | 6 November | Successful | |||
First launch from Kodiak Island | |||||||
6 November 13:37 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 30 December 2000 | Spacecraft failure | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
18 November 15:40 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 18 November | Successful | |||
18 November 23:00 |
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NASDA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 18 November | Successful | |||
20 November | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Target vehicle | 20 November | Successful | ||
20 November 05:12 |
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NASA/Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS module | In orbit | Operational | ||
First launch of the International Space Station programme | |||||||
22 November 23:54 |
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Telenor | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
24 November 09:53 |
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ESA | Suborbital | Scientific research | 24 November | Successful | |||
3 December 11:04 |
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DLR | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 3 December | Successful | ||
4 December 08:35 |
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NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS assembly | 16 December 04:53 | Successful | ||
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NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS module | In orbit | Operational | ||
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NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS component | In orbit | Operational | ||
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NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS component | In orbit | Operational | ||
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CONAE | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 25 October 1999 | Successful | ||
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US Air Force | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 21 November 1999 | Successful | ||
Manned orbital flight with six astronauts First manned flight to the International Space Station SAC-A deployed on 14 December and MightySat on 15 December | |||||||
6 December 00:43 |
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Satmex | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
6 December 00:57 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Astronomy | In orbit | Operational | ||
8 December 11:25 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 December | Successful | |||
9 December 10:20 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 9 December | Successful | |||
10 December | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 December | Successful | |||
10 December 11:57 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
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SSC | Low Earth | Aurora research | In orbit | Operational | ||
11 December 18:45 |
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NASA | Intended: Areocentric Actual: Heliocentric |
Mars orbiter | 23 September 1999 | Spacecraft failure | ||
Maiden flight of Delta II 7425 MCO crashed into Mars during orbital inserition due to error in unit conversions between Metric and Imperial | |||||||
15 December | ![]() |
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NSPO | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 15 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: ~280 km (174 mi) | |||||||
19 December 11:39 |
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
22 December 01:08 |
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PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
24 December 20:02 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
30 December 18:35 |
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MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
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MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
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MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
Deep-space rendezvous
Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
11 January | Lunar Prospector | Selenocentric orbit injection | |
23 January | NEAR | Flyby of the Earth | Closest approach: 540 kilometres (340 mi) |
10 February | Galileo | 5th flyby of Europa | |
29 March | Galileo | 6th flyby of Europa | |
26 April | Cassini | 1st flyby of Venus | Gravity assist |
13 May | AsiaSat 3/HGS 1 comsat | 1st flyby of the Moon | First use of moon's gravity for a recovery mission; Closest approach: 6,200 kilometres (3,900 mi) |
31 May | Galileo | 7th flyby of Europa | |
1 June | AsiaSat 3/HGS 1 | 2nd flyby of the Moon | Closest approach: 34,300 kilometres (21,300 mi) |
21 July | Galileo | 8th flyby of Europa | |
26 September | Galileo | 9th flyby of Europa | |
22 November | Galileo | 10th flyby of Europa | |
20 December | Nozomi | 1st flyby of the Earth | |
23 December | NEAR | Flyby of 433 Eros | Closest approach: 3,827 kilometres (2,378 mi) |
EVAs
Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Function | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8 January 23:08 |
3 hours 6 minutes |
9 January 02:14 |
Mir EO-24 | ![]() ![]() |
Repaired the damaged airlock sealing system, used the Strela boom to move across Mir and recover an American optical monitoring experiment. Checked the integrity of cable connects to several antennas.[1] | |
14 January 21:12 |
3 hours 52 minutes |
15 January 01:04 |
Mir EO-24 | ![]() ![]() |
Continued to make more repairs to the airlock hatch on Kvant-2 and used a handheld photo-reflectometer to inspect the exterior surface of the station.[2] | |
1 April 13:35 |
6 hours 40 minutes |
20:15 | Mir EO-25 | ![]() ![]() |
Installed a set of handrails and one of two foot restraints on the outside of the Spektr module in preparation for the repair of the damaged solar array.[3] | |
6 April 13:35 |
4 hours 15 minutes |
17:50 | Mir EO-25 | ![]() ![]() |
Begin repair of the damaged Spektr solar panel. After installing a splint on the frayed panel, the spacewalkers had to quickly return to the airlock to handle a problem with station attitude control.[4] | |
11 April 09:55 |
6 Hours 25 minutes |
16:20 | Mir EO-25 | ![]() ![]() |
Jettisoned the external thruster engine (VDU) that had been located at the top of the Sofora boom and recover an experiment from the Rapana structure.[5] | Dismantling of the Rapana structure was not completed.[6] |
17 April 07:40 |
6 Hours 33 minutes |
14:13 | Mir EO-25 | ![]() ![]() |
Removed two structures and secured them to exterior surfaces and repositioned the new thrust engine (VDU) for future use.[6] | |
22 April 05:34 |
6 Hours 21 minutes |
11:55 | Mir EO-25 | ![]() ![]() |
Completed installation of the new VDU thruster unit on top of the Sofora boom.[7] | |
15 September 20:00 |
30 minutes | 20:30 | Mir EO-26 | ![]() ![]() |
Internal spacewalk in the depressurised Spektr module to connect electrical and control cables to the solar array servo motor.[8] | |
10 November 19:24 |
5 hours 54 minutes |
11 November 01:18 |
Mir EO-26 | ![]() ![]() |
Deployed Sputnik-41, deployed a French "meteorite trap" intended to catch some dust from the upcoming Leonids meteor shower.[9] | |
7 December 22:10 |
7 hours 21 minutes |
8 December 05:31 |
STS-88 ISS Endeavour |
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Connected computer and electrical cables between the Unity node, the two mating adapters attached to either end of Unity, and the Zarya Functional Cargo Block (FGB).[10] | First ISS assembly EVA |
9 December 20:33 |
7 hours 2 minutes |
10 December 03:35 |
STS-88 ISS Endeavour |
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Installed two box-like antennas on the outside of the Unity module that are part of the S-band early communications system.[11] | |
12 December 20:33 |
6 hours 59 minutes |
13 December 03:32 |
STS-88 ISS Endeavour |
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Checked on an insulation cover on a cable connection on the lower Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA-2) to make sure it was fully installed, attached EVA tools on the side of Unity's upper mating adapter (PMA-1) in preparation for future EVAs, and inspected Orbiter Space Vision System targets on Unity.[12] | |
References
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Generic references:
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Footnotes
- ↑ van der Berg, Chris (9 January 1998). "MIRNEWS 9 JANUARY 1998 (402)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 10 March 2009. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
- ↑ van der Berg, Chris (16 January 1998). "MIRNEWS 16 JANUARY 1998 (403)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 10 March 2009. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
- ↑ van der Berg, Chris (2 April 1998). "MIRNEWS 2 APRIL 1998 (415)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 11 March 2009. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
- ↑ van der Berg, Chris (7 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.416 7 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 11 March 2009. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
- ↑ van der Berg, Chris (12 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.417 12 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 11 March 2009. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
- 1 2 van der Berg, Chris (17 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.418 17 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 11 March 2009. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
- ↑ van der Berg, Chris (22 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.419 22 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 12 March 2009. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
- ↑ van der Berg, Chris (16 September 1998). "MIRNEWS.439 16 SEPTEMBER 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 12 March 2009. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
- ↑ van der Berg, Chris. "MIRNEWS.446 11 NOVEMBER 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 12 March 2009. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
- ↑ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 5 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
- ↑ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 7 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
- ↑ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 8 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
Timeline of spaceflight | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1940s | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 | ||||
1950s | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 | 1957 | 1958 | 1959 |
1960s | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 |
1970s | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 |
1980s | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 |
1990s | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 |
2000s | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 |
2010s | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
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